What is APY?

If you’ve been researching different savings products, you’ve probably seen the term APY. If you’re confused, you’re not alone. 

APY, or annual percentage yield, is the total amount of interest you will earn on savings accounts like a traditional savings account or a certificate of deposit in one year, including all compounded interest. APY is a good number to use when comparing savings accounts or CDs across – or even within – financial institutions.

So, what’s the difference between APY and an interest rate?

Think about an interest rate as just one part of the big picture. It’s the money you can earn on your savings account's balance, expressed as a percentage. But it doesn’t tell you anything about how often your interest is compounded. That’s where the importance of the annual percentage yield comes in.

Two savings accounts with identical interest rates can end up with different APYs if the interest on one account compounds more often than the other. When interest compounds, it builds on itself. You essentially earn interest on your interest. 

How to calculate APY

If you want to calculate how quickly your savings can grow (the fun part!), there are a few ways to do it:

1. Use a pencil and do the math yourself
2. Use a spreadsheet tool like Excel
3. Use an APY calculator

1. Use a pencil and paper and do the math yourself

Knowing how to calculate the APY can come in handy. It can help you understand how much interest you’d earn if, for example, the rate changes. This is important when you’re looking at savings accounts whose interest rates could change throughout the year – not just once. 

To get started, use the following basic formula for APY: APY =(1+r/N)^N-1

• R=Interest rate: The percentage that your bank has stated your account will earn.
• N = Number of compounding periods per year or the number of days in the term of the account. You can usually put 365 since there are 365 days in a year (though some banks consider a year 360), unless the terms indicate another stated maturity, such as 6 months or 18 months. If you’re using 365, the formula becomes a lot simpler:

APY = 100 (Interest/Principal)

For example, if you know that you will earn a 2.23% interest rate and your account compounds interest daily, like at Marcus, you can get the following: APY=(1+.0223/365)^365-1=2.25% 

2. Use Excel

An Excel spreadsheet can be another option. Enter in your own data, then let the program do the math for you. To see what your APY would be, in a new spreadsheet enter:

• Cell A1: the interest rate in decimal format (0.02 for 2%)
• Cell B1: how many times your interest compounds every year (1 for annually, 12 for monthly, and so on)
• Cell C1: copy and paste this formula, including the equals sign, =POWER((1+(A1/B1)), B1)-1. Hit enter, and you’ve got your APY!

3. Utilize an APY Calculator

Perform a quick search for “APY calculator,” and choose between either a product-specific calculator or a general APY calculator to run the numbers.

Why is APY important?

When you know how to calculate APY and understand how it works, you have a better idea of exactly how your money grows.  

Bottom line, the higher the APY, the faster your cash will grow.

Are APY and APR the same?

Just a quick side note: If you’re looking at savings accounts and CDs, forget about APR. APR, or annual percentage rate, is the yearly cost of borrowing money. But, just like you use APR to compare different loans, you can use APY to compare savings accounts or CDs.